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In today’s interconnected world, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is essential for exercising fundamental rights and improving quality of life. However, across Sub-Saharan Africa—especially in Central and Southern regions—citizens face increasing challenges that restrict their digital freedoms and undermine the transformative potential of technology. Governments in these regions frequently implement measures such as internet shutdowns, censorship, and restrictive regulations, which severely limit free expression, civic engagement, and innovation. For instance, the Democratic Republic of Congo’s internet shutdown during the 2018 general elections highlights this worrying trend.
Moreover, violations of digital rights, including arrests, harassment, and intimidation of online users, have become alarmingly common. Compounded by restrictive laws, these actions stifle the role of digital technology as a catalyst for socioeconomic growth and political participation. This situation is worsened by the stark digital divide affecting the region—high internet costs and limited infrastructure restrict access primarily to urban areas, leaving rural communities disconnected and marginalized.